代词用作连接词语

1．代词用作连接词语

在第一章我们已学过连接词语表，应用此表有利于写作的连贯性，它使读者很容易沿着文章思路从上一句到下一句。这些连接词语包括一般性描述，如“可是”和“另一方面”，连接词语特别适合于按时间顺序展开。还有其他的一些词对承启思路很有用。这些词就是代词。

除代替名词之外，代词还起连接词的作用。它们要么在一个句子中代替将要提及的事物：We wondered what this meant．。要么连接两个句子：We looked at the fishing boats．They were tied up at the dock．通常用作转换的代词是：I，you，he，she，they，them，this，that，these，those，one，such和it。

除了使段落具有连贯性之外，代词还在其他方面帮助写作者，它可以避免名词没必要地经常重复。请看下面例子，第一句说明在没有用代词代替短语“borrow money”时，句子显得多么笨拙地重复。

Even to borrow money is wrong，according to Kant，because if everyone did borrow money，there would be no money left to borrow．

Even to borrow money is wrong，according to Kant，because if every one did this，there would be no money left to borrow．

据康德的观点，甚至借钱也不对，因为如果人人借钱，那么就无钱可借了。

多用代词还常常能使作者用较少的词语表达一个意思，下文用两个代词，省略了两个词，避免了不必要的重复。

If a person feels that a law is unjust，the person should work to repeal the law．

If a person feels that a law is unjust，he should work to repeal it．

如果有人认为某项法律是不公正的，那么他应该为废除它而努力。

阅读下面一小段范文，在这段文章里，代词使思路顺畅地从上句发展到下句，而用词大大精简。

Karl wrote a number of suggestions to the newspaper about low-cost housing．Although they were not all practical suggestions，they were original enough to be published，leading to a surprising response from the public．Hundreds of letters were written to the editor．Some of them favored Karl's plans；others criticized them．The editor chose five letters in favor of Karl's plans and five letters opposed to them．These were all published in the newspaper the following week．

卡尔给报社写了很多有关低费用供房的建议，虽然这些建议并非都很实际，但它们却相当新颖，所以被公开发表。它们在读者中引起了惊人的反响。编辑收到了数百封来信，有些人称赞卡尔的计划，有些人则批评它。编辑选择了5封赞扬信和5封反对信，发表在下一周的报纸上。